“Two nations are in your womb, / and two peoples from within you shall be divided; / the one shall be stronger than the other, / the older shall serve the younger.” - Genesis 25:23
When Jacob went into Egypt, and the Egyptians oppressed them, Israel's fathers cried out to the LORD and the LORD sent Moses and Aaron, who brought your fathers out of Egypt and made them dwell in this place. (1 Samuel 12:8-9)
History
Abram is promised an heir to come from his own body and offspring as innumerable as the stars. He gave them the land He brought Abram to, from the river of Egypt to the great river, the river Euphrates, the land of the Kenites, the Kenizzites, the Kadmonites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Rephaim, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Girgashites and the Jebusites.” The Lord also revealed that Abram's offspring would be oppressed for 400 years in another land, but God would judge their masters and send them out from under them with great possessions. (Genesis 12, 15)
At some point, (Joshua) the people of Israel swore to spare the Gibeonites. At some other point, Saul puts them to death. (2 Samuel 21:2)
The Philistines gathered their forces for war against Israel. Achish had David join them. The Philistines encamped at Shunem, while Gaul gathered all Israel at Gilboa. Saul's heart trembled greatly at the Philistines and sought out the medium at En-dor to raise Samuel. Samuel said Israel's army would be given into the hand of the Philistines. (1 Samuel 28)
The Philistines fought against Israel, and Israel fled and were slain on Mount Gilboa. They overtook Saul and his sons, striking down Jonathan, Abinadab, and Malchi-shua. The battle pressed hard against Saul. The archers badly wounded him, so he and his armor-bearer fell on their own swords. The men of Israel who were on the other side of the valley and those beyond the Jordan fled their cities, and the Philistines came and lived in them. The next day, when the Philistines came to strip the slain, they found Saul and his three sons dead on Mount Gilboa, so they cut off Saul's head and stripped off his armor and sent messengers throughout the land of the Philistines to the house of their idols and the people. They put his armor in the temple of Ashtaroth, and they fastened his body to the wall of Beth-shan. The people of Jabesh-gilead took the body of Saul and his sons in the night when they learned what happened. (1 Samuel 30)
Israel rallies behind King Ish-bosheth, while Judah, King David
While David was anointed king of Judah, Abner the son of Ner made Ish-bosheth the son of Saul king over Gilead, the Ashurites, Jezreel, Ephraim, and Benjamin, and all Israel, in Mahanaim. (2 Samuel 2:9)
In the battle of Gibeon, Joab the son of Zeruiah represented David against Abner the son of Ner and the servants of Ish-bosheth at the place that became Helkath-hazzurim. Then the three sons of Zeuriah, Joab, Abishai, and Asahel, pursued Abner. Abner killed Asahel, and the battle continued until Abner and the people of Benjamin prepared for a last stand on the hill of Ammah as the sun was going down. Abner called for the fight to end, and Joab complied. David's men missed 19 men and returned to Hebron in the morning, while Abner's men returned to Mahanaim down 360 men. (2 Samuel 2)
Israel unites under King David
All the tribes of Israel came to David at Hebron and said, "Behold, we are your bone and flesh. In times past, when Saul was king over us, it was you who leg out and brought in Israel. And the LORD said to you, 'You shall be shepherd of my people Israel, and you shall be prince over Israel.'" So the elders made a covenant with David and anointed him king over Israel.
David took the stronghold of Zion from the Jebusite inhabitants and made Jerusalem the city of David.
When the Philistines learned David was king, they spread out in the Valley of Rephaim, and David inquired of the LORD and defeated them at Baal-perazim and carried away their idols. Then, again, they came, and the LORD had David defeat them from the rear, and David struck them down from Geba to Gezer.
(2 Samuel 5)
King David moved the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem, and Uzzah was struck down in the process. (2 Samuel 6)
After receiving the Davidic covenant, the LORD gave victory to David wherever he went. King David dedicated the silver and gold from the nations he subdued, from Edom, Moab, the Ammonites, the Philistines, Amalek, and Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah. (2 Samuel 8:11-12) They were loyal to King David under King Nahash. (2 Samuel 10:2)
When the Ammonites saw that they had become a stench to David, the Ammonites sent and hired the Syrians of Beth-rehob, and the Syrians of Zobah, 20,000 foot soldiers, and the king of Maacah with 1,000 men, and the men of Tob, 12,000 men. And the Ammonites came out and drew up in battle array at the entrance of the gate, while the Syrians of Zobah and Rehob and the men of Tob and Maacah were by themselves in the open country. Joab arrayed against the Syrians with some of the best men in Israel, while Abishai arrayed the rest against the Ammonites. They drew near to battle, and the Syrians fled before him, triggering the Ammonites to flee.
Hadadezer brought out the Syrians who were beyond the Euphrates under commander Shobach, but they fled and were defeated by King David. All kings who were servants to Hadadezer made peace with Israel, and the Syrians were afraid to save the Ammonites anymore.
In the spring of the year, David sent Joab and his servants and all Israel to ravage the Ammonites and besiege Rabbah, while David remained in Jerusalem. (2 Samuel 11:1) Joab has them fight too close to the wall, so archers killed some of his men, including Uriah the Hittite. (2 Samuel 11:14-25)
Absalom's conspiracy
Absalom vied for David's throne, and his conspiracy was strong. He stole the hearts of Israel, and David and his supporters fled Jerusalem. (2 Samuel 15) Absalom sleeps with David's concubines on the roof before all Israel then seeks Ahithophel and Hushai's advice for taking out David. The elders of Israel prefer Hushai's idea for Absalom to lead all Israel in person. David crosses the Jordan and regroups in Mahanaim, while Absalom encamps in Gilead. (2 Samuel 17)
The battle was fought in the forest of Ephraim and spread over all the country. Israel's loss was great, twenty thousand men. The forest devoured more than the sword. Absalom was killed by Joab when he was caught in an oak tree. Joab blew the trumpet and restrained David's servants while Israel fled for their homes. (2 Samuel 18:1-15)
Sheba, the son of Bichri, leads Israel against David
Sheba, the son of Bichri, a Benjaminite, blew the trumpet and said, "We have no portion in David, and we have no inheritance in the son of Jesse; every man to his tents, O Israel!” All the men of Israel withdrew from David and followed Sheba, while the men of Judah followed their king steadfastly as they returned him to Jerusalem from the Jordan. Ultimately, Sheba was beheaded during Joab's siege against Abel of Beth-maacah.
(2 Samuel 20)
Four giant descendants slain
Late in King David's reign, there was a series of wars between the Philistines and Israel in which David and his servants fell four descended from the giants in Gath. In the first, Ishbi-benob thought to kill David when he grew weary, but Abishai the son of Zeruiah killed the Philistine. That was the last time David's men allowed him to go out with them to battle, lest he quench the lamp of Israel. (2 Samuel 21:15-22)
The anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel, and King David was incited against them into conducting a census. Joab and the army commanders numbered the people, traveling from Aroer, the city in the middle of the valley, Gad, Jazer, Gilead, Kadesh in the land of the Hittites, Dan, Sidon, the fortress of Tyre, all the cities of the Hivites and Canaanites, and the Negeb of Judah at Beersheba. They came to Jerusalem after 9 months and 20 days, having counted 800,000 valiant men in Israel and 500,000 in Judah. (2 Samuel 24:1-9)
After King David conducted the census, the LORD sent a pestilence on Israel from the morning until the third day. From Dan to Beersheba, 70,000 men died. (2 Samuel 24:10-25)
Adonijah exalted himself as king, so King David quickly arranged King Solomon's coronation. His throne was established in his hand. (1 Kings 1-2)
Ahijah the prophet prophesied that Israel would be rooted out of their good land and scattered beyond the Euphrates because of the sins of Jeroboam. (1 Kings 14:15-16)
Israel went up on every high hill and under every green tree and played the whore. The LORD thought she would return after all this, but she did not. Her treacherous sister Judah saw it, that for all the adulteries of faithless Israel, He sent her away with a decree of divorce, but she did not fear and too played the whore. (Jeremiah 3:6-10)
And I will give you shepherds after my own heart, who will feed you with knowledge and understanding. And when you have multiplied and increased in the land, in those days, declares the LORD, they shall no more say, "The ark of the covenant of the LORD." It shall not come to mind or be remembered or missed; it shall not be made again. At that time Jerusalem shall be called the throne of the LORD, and all nations shall gather to it, to the presence of the LORD in Jerusalem, and they shall no more stubbornly follow their own evil heart. In those days the house of Judah shall join the house of Israel, and together they shall come from the land of the north to the land that I gave your fathers for a heritage. (Jeremiah 3:15-18)
Assyrian captivity
In 722, the 10 tribes of the north were invaded and half the population was held captive by the Assyrian Empire. (Hillsdale College - Ancient Christianity)