Descendants of Esau who lived south of the Dead Sea toward the Gulf of Aqaba. Bozrah was their capital.
(The ESV Study BibleTM, English Standard Version (ESV) by Crossway Bibles, 2007. Page 1460)
Saul fought all his enemies on every side, including Edom, when he took kingship over Israel. (1 Samuel 14:47)
After receiving the Davidic covenant, the LORD gave victory to David wherever he went. King David dedicated the silver and gold from the nations he subdued, from Edom, Moab, the Ammonites, the Philistines, Amalek, and Hadadezer the son of Rehob, king of Zobah. He made a name for himself when he returned from striking down 18,000 Edomites in the Valley of Salt. David put garrisons throughout all Edom, and all Edomites became David's servants. (2 Samuel 8:11-15)
Jeremiah prophesied its destruction, that it would be more thorough than thieves. The fatherless and widows will be preserved, but all will drink the cup of destruction. It will become a horror like Sodom and Gomorrah. People will flee like from a lion from the Jordan jungle, and the LORD will appoint new shepherds. (Jeremiah 49:7-22)