Identified as Chaldea in the Bible. (https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/4213-chaldea)
Zedekiah's opposition to Babylon eventually led the Babylonians to conquer Jerusalem in the fifth month (July/August) (Jeremiah 39:1-10) of 587 or 586 B.C. The captivity lasted until c.538-535 B.C., when Cyrus allowed the Jews to return to their homeland. (Ezra 1).
(The ESV Study BibleTM, English Standard Version (ESV) by Crossway Bibles, 2007. Page 1369)
Jeremiah prophesied the surprise destruction of Babylon from the north by archers, that they would face what they had done to others and no man shall dwell there. Bel and Merodach are dismayed. The lost sheep of Israel will flee Babylon and return to Zion, to Israel, to feed on Carmel, Bashan, Ephraim, and Gilead after being picked off by lions, by Assyria, and Nebuchadnezzar. The remnant of Israel and Judah will be pardoned of iniquity and sin. (Jeremiah 50)