Lived in Samaria.
The Samaritans were the remnants of the northern 10 tribes who stayed behind. There is tension between Samaritans and Jews because the Samaritans intermarried with noncovenantal peoples, built their temple at Mount Gerizim, and only recognized the Torah as authoritative.
They opposed the Jews under Ezra and Nehemiah while rebuilding the temple and reestablishing themselves in Jerusalem, and they pled about the Jews when Pompey the Great arrived to suppress civil war.
(Hillsdale College - Ancient Christianity)
The date when they separated from the larger Jewish community is debated, but a clear division happened during the postexilic period (circa 540-100 B.C.). At this point, the Samaritans canonized their own version of Scripture, the Samaritan Pentateuch or Samaritan Torah.
(The Origin of the Bible: Newly Updated by F. F. Bruce, J. I. Packer, Philip W. Comfort, and Carl F. H. Henry, 2020. Texts and Manuscripts of the Old Testament by Mark R. Norton, Page 167)
Samaritan Beliefs
They only accepted the Pentateuch as canonical.
(The Origin of the Bible: Newly Updated by F. F. Bruce, J. I. Packer, Philip W. Comfort, and Carl F. H. Henry, 2020. Texts and Manuscripts of the Old Testament by Mark R. Norton, Page 159-160)